Deploying a Next.js App to Vercel with Environment Variables
Vercel integrates tightly with Next.js but requires careful environment setup.
Problem
Missing environment variables cause build or runtime errors on Vercel that don't appear locally.
Working approach
- Define variables in
.env.localfor development. - Add production variables in the Vercel project settings.
- Reference variables using
process.envonly where needed.
See troubleshooting/databases/database-connection-production for diagnosing database connection failures that share the same root cause: differences between local persistent servers and serverless execution environments (see deployment environment variables).
Verification
Run a preview deployment and check the Vercel function logs for missing variable errors.